KARAKTERISASI FERMENTATIF 22 ISOLAT ACTINOMYCETES RHIZOSFER SEBAGAI PROBIOTIK TERNAK MULTIENZIM POTENSIAL
Abstract
Actinomycetes memiliki potensi tinggi sebagai probiotik multienzim karena kemampuannya menghasilkan berbagai enzim pencernaan. Aktivitas fermentatif penting untuk menilai kemampuan isolat dalam memfermentasi karbohidrat serta menghasilkan produk asam dan gas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkarakterisasi sifat fermentatif 22 isolat actinomycetes dari rizosfer tanaman di daerah Kupang. Metode yang digunakan melibatkan uji fermentasi menggunakan media Phenol Red Broth mengandung dekstrosa (glukosa), maltosa, fruktosa, dan laktosa. Media diinkubasi dengan tabung Durham untuk mendeteksi produksi gas, sedangkan perubahan warna media mengindikasikan produksi asam. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh isolat mampu memfermentasi dekstrosa, maltosa, dan fruktosa dengan reaksi fermentasi positif yang dominan. Hanya empat isolat yang menunjukkan fermentasi positif terhadap laktosa. Tiga isolat menghasilkan gas selama proses fermentasi. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa sebagian besar isolat actinomycetes mengikuti jalur fermentasi homofermentatif (Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas), ditandai dengan produksi asam tanpa atau dengan sedikit gas. Namun, adanya isolat penghasil gas menunjukkan potensi jalur heterofermentatif pada beberapa isolat. Kesimpulannya, sebagian besar isolat Actinomycetes Rhizosfer hasil isolasi menunjukkan karakter homofermentatif sehingga menghasilkan asam dari karbohidrat sederhana, sedangkan sebagian kecil menunjukkan karakter heterofermentatif. Sifat fermentatif ini mendukung potensi isolat sebagai kandidat probiotik ternak multienzim yang dapat meningkatkan pencernaan karbohidrat dalam sistem pencernaan ternak.
Kata kunci: Actinomycetes Rhizosfer; probiotik multienzim; fermentasi karbohidrat; heterofermentatif; homofermentatif.
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